Reflex cardiorespiratory alterations elicited after instillation of nociceptive agents intra-arterially (i.a) are termed as ‘vasosensory reflex responses’. The present study was designed to evaluate ...

Metabolites released by the myocardium in the setting of myocardial ischemia activate cardiac vagal and sympathetic afferent endings in the ischemic myocardium. Activation of vagal sensory nerves ...

The startle response is a sudden, reflex-like response to an unexpected stimulus, such as a loud noise or bright light. It is an unlearned and largely unconscious defense mechanism shared by animals ...