A nucleic acid is a long molecule made up of smaller molecules called nucleotides. Nucleic acids were discovered in 1868, when twenty-four-year-old Swiss physician Friedrich Miescher isolated a new ...

Hidden within the genetic code lies the "triplet code," a series of three nucleotides that determine a single amino acid. How did scientists discover and unlock this amino acid code? Once the budding ...

In 1979, Alexander Rich, PhD, and his colleagues solved the structure of a self-complementary DNA hexamer and discovered that the molecule formed a left-handed double helix (Z-DNA). (Credit: Journal ...

The early detection of lung cancer (LC) remains a critical challenge in oncology. This review explores the potential of exosomes (Exs) and cell-free nucleic acids (cfNAs) in the bloodstream as ...