Price-elasticities — dimensionless parameters that express the extent to which a price increase triggers a usage decrease — are central to policies that aim to reduce a harmful activity by ...

Donald Trump keeps flipping and flopping on tariffs. Many are scheduled to kick in on Aug. 1, but who knows. Nevertheless, U.S. households and businesses need to gird their loins for the biggest and ...

Sudden demand surges or supply chains snarls will drive prices up quickly. Businesses face two issues when this happens, First, when a price rises sharply, how long will it take for increased supply ...

This paper assesses a possible explanation for the global downward trend in top personal income tax rates over the last decades: globalization and the related tax evasion and avoidance opportunities ...

Exchange rates can appreciate substantially. The U.S. real effective exchange rate (REER) appreciated 34% between July 2011 and September 2023 (see Figure 1) (Note 1). The Swiss REER appreciated 36% ...

Download PDF More Formats on IMF eLibrary Order a Print Copy Create Citation This paper provides econometric estimates of trade elasticities for Brazil obtained through cointegration and vector auto ...