Two 'great appendage' arthropods and their reconstructed brains: Alalcomenaeus (left) is at the root of Chelicerata, which includes scorpions, spiders, and their relatives. Jianfengia (right) is shown ...

Fossils usually leave us with bones turned to stone, the hard remains of creatures long gone. But every so often, nature offers something far rarer — a glimpse of soft tissue that survived for ...

Fossilization is a fickle process. Many fossils are fragmented, scattered (often broken) bones turned slowly to stone over millions of years. When most organisms die, their tissues are exposed to the ...

One of the last remaining enigmas surrounding arthropod evolution has been the split of the tree of life, separating the two largest groups of arthropods: mandibulates, the group including insects, ...